Induction of Antiviral Immunity by Double-Stranded RNA in a Marine Invertebrate

Induction of antiviral immunity by double-stranded RNA in a marine invertebrate.

Vertebrates mount a strong innate immune response against viruses, largely by activating the interferon system. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a common intermediate formed during the life cycle of many viruses, is a potent trigger of this response. In contrast, no general inducible antiviral defense mechanism has been reported in any invertebrate. Here we show that dsRNA induces antiviral protect...

Differential recognition of double-stranded RNA by RIG-I–like receptors in antiviral immunity

Retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RLRs) are cytosolic RNA helicases that sense viral RNA and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. RLRs recognize distinct and overlapping sets of viruses, but the mechanisms that dictate this specificity were unknown. A new study now provides evidence for size-based di...

Double-stranded RNA induces sequence-specific antiviral silencing in addition to nonspecific immunity in a marine shrimp: convergence of RNA interference and innate immunity in the invertebrate antiviral response?

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a common by-product of viral infections and a potent inducer of innate antiviral immune responses in vertebrates. In the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, innate antiviral immunity is also induced by dsRNA in a sequence-independent manner. In this study, the hypothesis that dsRNA can evoke not only innate antiviral immunity but also a sequence-specific antiviral...

Invertebrate Antiviral Response? Interference and Innate Immunity in the Marine Shrimp: Convergence of RNA Addition to Nonspecific Immunity in a Sequence-Specific Antiviral Silencing in Double-Stranded RNA Induces

10.1128/JVI.79.21.13561-13571.2005. 2005, 79(21):13561. DOI: J. Virol. Warr Chapman, Paul S. Gross, Craig L. Browdy and Gregory W. Prior, Guillermo Jaramillo, Edward Scura, Robert W. Javier Robalino, Thomas Bartlett, Eleanor Shepard, Sarah Invertebrate Antiviral Response? Interference and Innate Immunity in the Marine Shrimp: Convergence of RNA Addition to Nonspecific Immunity in a Sequence-Spe...

Interferon production by double-stranded RNA: a comparison of induction by reovirus to that by a synthetic double-stranded polynucleotide.